Loadsurvival780

• Check Apache Service Status Opening Apache Ports in UFW Firewall. If you have the UFW firewall enabled and running on your system, you need to open the HTTP (port 80) and HTTPS (port 443) services in the firewall configuration, to allow web traffic to the Apache2 web server via the firewall.
• Apache vs Nginx: Practical Considerations is a good comparison post that covers the differences between Apache and Nginx such as how they handle connections and serve content. Monitoring Apache web server performance gives a really nice overview of metrics to watch when you are using Apache as your web server.
• Apache is an open source web server that’s available for Linux servers free of charge.

• Apache Server 2
• Apache Server Windows

Customizing Apache for Windows

The Apache HTTP Server ('httpd') was launched in 1995 and it has been the most popular web server on the Internet since April 1996. It has celebrated its 25th birthday as a project in February 2020. The Apache HTTP Server is a project of The Apache Software Foundation. Apache httpd 2.4.46 Released 2020-08-07 ¶.

Apache is configured by the files in the conf subdirectory. These are the same files used to configure the Unix version, but there are a few different directives for Apache on Windows. See the directive index for all the available directives.

The main differences in Apache for Windows are:

• Because Apache for Windows is multithreaded, it does not use a separate process for each request, as Apache can on Unix. Instead there are usually only two Apache processes running: a parent process, and a child which handles the requests. Within the child process each request is handled by a separate thread.

  The process management directives are also different:

  MaxConnectionsPerChild: Like the Unix directive, this controls how many connections a single child process will serve before exiting. However, unlike on Unix, a replacement process is not instantly available. Use the default MaxConnectionsPerChild 0, unless instructed to change the behavior to overcome a memory leak in third party modules or in-process applications.

  Warning: The server configuration file is reread when a new child process is started. If you have modified httpd.conf, the new child may not start or you may receive unexpected results.

  ThreadsPerChild: This directive is new. It tells the server how many threads it should use. This is the maximum number of connections the server can handle at once, so be sure to set this number high enough for your site if you get a lot of hits. The recommended default is ThreadsPerChild 150, but this must be adjusted to reflect the greatest anticipated number of simultaneous connections to accept.

• The directives that accept filenames as arguments must use Windows filenames instead of Unix ones. However, because Apache may interpret backslashes as an 'escape character' sequence, you should consistently use forward slashes in path names, not backslashes.

• While filenames are generally case-insensitive on Windows, URLs are still treated internally as case-sensitive before they are mapped to the filesystem. For example, the <Location>, Alias, and ProxyPass directives all use case-sensitive arguments. For this reason, it is particularly important to use the <Directory> directive when attempting to limit access to content in the filesystem, since this directive applies to any content in a directory, regardless of how it is accessed. If you wish to assure that only lowercase is used in URLs, you can use something like:

• When running, Apache needs write access only to the logs directory and any configured cache directory tree. Due to the issue of case insensitive and short 8.3 format names, Apache must validate all path names given. This means that each directory which Apache evaluates, from the drive root up to the directory leaf, must have read, list and traverse directory permissions. If Apache2.4 is installed at C:Program Files, then the root directory, Program Files and Apache2.4 must all be visible to Apache.

• Apache for Windows contains the ability to load modules at runtime, without recompiling the server. If Apache is compiled normally, it will install a number of optional modules in the Apache2.4modules directory. To activate these or other modules, the LoadModule directive must be used. For example, to activate the status module, use the following (in addition to the status-activating directives in access.conf):

  Information on creating loadable modules is also available.

• Apache can also load ISAPI (Internet Server Application Programming Interface) extensions such as those used by Microsoft IIS and other Windows servers. More information is available. Note that Apache cannot load ISAPI Filters, and ISAPI Handlers with some Microsoft feature extensions will not work.

• When running CGI scripts, the method Apache uses to find the interpreter for the script is configurable using the ScriptInterpreterSource directive.

• Since it is often difficult to manage files with names like .htaccess in Windows, you may find it useful to change the name of this per-directory configuration file using the AccessFilename directive.

• Any errors during Apache startup are logged into the Windows event log when running on Windows NT. This mechanism acts as a backup for those situations where Apache is not yet prepared to use the error.log file. You can review the Windows Application Event Log by using the Event Viewer, e.g. Start - Settings - Control Panel - Administrative Tools - Event Viewer.

Learn how to install and configure Apache web server in Linux. Understand the httpd configuration file and how to start, stop & enable Apache (httpd) in Linux.

Contents

• UNDERSTANDING THE SUBJECT MATTER
• ACTION TIME

UNDERSTANDING THE SUBJECT MATTER

Apache, also called Apache http server is an open-source web server. A web server, of course, is responsible for handling web requests from various computers hitting the web. (No web server, no website).

Just as there is an Apache web server, there are also a lot of web servers out there such as Nginx, IIS, Tomcat, etc.

Tomcat is also called Apache tomcat because it is developed by the same company that developed Apache (Apache Software Foundation)

Apache is a very popular and commonly used web server and can run on both Linux and Windows operating systems.

Just as Nginx, Apache can handle hundreds of thousands of connections trying to fetch information from the web concurrently.

With Apache, you can customize your configuration by using the “.htaccess” file.

When it comes to the Content Management System (CMS) such as WordPress, Joomla, and Drupal, they all work perfectly well on Apache, even without less or no configuration, hence why most web hosting companies use Apache and now Nginx as their web servers.

Apache application/daemon for Linux is “httpd”

The same way you start other services on Linux is also the same way Apache is started.

To start Apache, use the command

To Stop Apache, use the command,

To enable Apache, use the command,

core apache configuration file is in the path /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf)

Let’s see the contents in this file.

search for the line “DocumentRoot” Microsoft desktop connection.

you can see the httpd document root (/var/www/html). It is one of the important parameters in the httpd configuration file.

Every website file will have to be on this path. The document root can be changed, especially for hardening web server security.

We will look at how to successfully change the document root of httpd when we get to the advanced configuration in another lesson.

httpd by default listens on port 80.

If you know LEMP stack, you will also know LAMP stack.

LAMP stack consists of (Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP). They are all web development software used to manage web applications.

How to install LAMP stack in Linux (RHEL 8 / CentOS 8)

To install Linux (RHEL 8) click here.

And Of course, in the “ACTION TIME” of this lesson, we will install Apache & configure a basic website.

To install MySQL, click on this link

To install PHP, click on this link.

Having understood what Apache is, let’s get to installing and configuring Apache for a basic website.

ACTION TIME

How To Install & Configure Apache httpd On Linux (RHEL / CentOS 7 & 8)

Capture one 2020. we will look at how to configure Apache for a basic website.

1. Install Apache web server

2. create a web file in the document root location.

3. Start the httpd service

4. If you wish, you can enable the httpd service

5. Verify the service has started

Apache Server 2

6. Test your configuration

Apache Server Windows

You can use any browser or use a text-based browser such as elinks.

To use elinks in RHEL 7, install elinks by using the command,

To install elinks in RHEL 8 or CentOS 8, click on this link

7. Now that elinks has been installed, do a test.

press the enter key to open the file

You can see that the web server is properly configured.

In another tutorial, we will look at the advanced configuration of the Apache web server

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